DIPLOMATIC MEDIATION TECHNOLOGY AS A CRISIS SITUATION MANAGEMENT TOOL IN MODERN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Abstract

The article defines the essence of a crisis as a social phenomenon. It is established that in the theory of international relations, a crisis is considered as a phase of exacerbation of an international conflict, which is the initial one. It is emphasized that the key problem of a crisis is the perception of events as a serious threat to national interests and values of decision-makers in the security sphere; a crisis always has a subjective side. It is noted that the emergence of crises in international relations is a constant phenomenon that requires management and regulation, and accordingly, active measures to pre- vent or regulate them. It is emphasized that a crisis is always accompanied by cruelty, violence, and victims. It is found that understanding a crisis as a threat necessitates the search for effective diplomatic methods, techniques, and tools. It is noted that one of such diplomatic methods is mediation technology. It is noted that mediation is the implementation of a conciliatory procedure with the help of a neutral, impartial third party – a mediator (intermediary), who enjoys the trust of all interested parties. It is not- ed that the multivariate understanding of the concept of “mediation” makes it possible to consider it as a type of social technology. It is proposed to understand the concept of “diplomatic mediation technology” as mediation practices implemented in international politics with the participation of a mediator (an independent third party), who organizes and directs negotiations and helps the parties reach a mutually beneficial solution. It is noted that diplomacy is a process by which governments, acting through official agents, communicate (usually in the form of negotiations) with each other. It is emphasized that diplomatic mediation technology is a flexible tool of diplomacy used to resolve interna- tional crises through negotiations. It is emphasized that in modern diplomatic practice several formats of conducting the negotiation process have been formed: the bargaining model and game models. It is proposed to apply the diplomatic mediation technology of “restitutional mediation” to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It is noted that it is advisable to take the concept of restitutional justice, which is based on the principle of reconciliation, as a basis when developing a mediation technology for resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. A procedural model of the diplomatic mediation technology for resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is proposed. It is found out that the stages of implementing the diplomatic mediation technology of “restitutional mediation” are: the stage of determining the feasibility of conducting the negotiation process in the form of “restitutional mediation”; the stage of preparing for the negotiation process in the form of “restitutional mediation”; the stage of conducting the negotiation process in the form of “restitutional mediation”; the stage of monitoring the implementation of decisions made during the negotiation process in the form of “restitutional mediation”.